In 1869, the Constitution of Virginia established the office of the treasurer in each of the Virginia counties and cities. The Treasurer is an elected official responsible for the receipt and collection of revenue from local, state and federal sources. The Treasurer is responsible for the safekeeping of County bank accounts, the sound investment of County funds to generate additional revenue and the accounting for and disbursement of funds to pay for the operation of County government in compliance with the Code of Virginia and as budgeted, authorized and directed by the Board of Supervisors.

Montgomery County's Treasurer is W. Richard Shelton:

"As a native of Montgomery County, I want the Treasurer's office to be a citizen-friendly office where residents feel confident finding someone who will listen and help. My mission is to provide an office that is effective, efficient and timely. 'Together we can' is my motto. I believe that my staff and I can work together with all citizens to answer questions and provide services pertaining to taxes."